In Islam, what is the term for the pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim is expected to undertake at least once in their lifetime?

The pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim is expected to undertake at least once in their lifetime is referred to as Hajj. This pilgrimage holds profound significance in Islam and is one of the Five Pillars, which are fundamental acts of worship and practice that shape a Muslim's faith and actions. Hajj occurs annually during the Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah and involves specific rituals performed over several days.

Participating in Hajj provides Muslims with the opportunity to seek forgiveness, reflect on their lives, and reinforce their sense of community with fellow believers from around the world. Completing Hajj is a profound spiritual experience, and for many, it represents a deep commitment to their faith and an opportunity to demonstrate devotion to God.

The other terms provided relate to different aspects of Islamic practice: Umrah is a lesser pilgrimage that can be undertaken at any time of the year; Salat refers to the ritual prayer performed five times a day; and Zakat is the charitable giving that is also one of the Five Pillars of Islam. Each has its own importance and timing, but only Hajj is obligatory for every Muslim who is physically and financially able to perform it at least once in their lifetime.